| Περίληψη : | Freight rates constitute the core source of revenues for shipping companies. The frequent fluctuation of them increases the level of the risk of investments in the shipping industry and the uncertainty for surviving through sever shipping cycles Making an accurate forecasting for shipping cyclicality would certainly secure the decision making a shipping company, for instance in order to avoid a recession. However, this is very difficult to be achieved, since it is very complicated and difficult to predict all the demand factors in the short term. It is also obvious that shipping services are associated with the development of economies. It has been observed that the last fifty years while the economy was growing, the pollution of the environment was following. Shipping activities is an important factor of the environment contamination. Many indicators have been created in order to measure and manage pollution which comes from ships; each of them emphasizes in a different point. Considering the criticality of this fact, International Maritime Organization (IMO) having as a mission the reduction of maritime emissions globally, enforced shipping companies to decline the sulphur emissions in the level of 0.5% from the early 2020. Maritime companies, by complying to this regulation, will incur significant costs. Shipping companies, in order to do that, undeniably, will be exposed to high costs. It is logical, the rate of the fixtures to respond to this environmental friendliness of ships. Focusing on Capesize and Panamax types for the years 2018 and 2019, the results of the empirical analysis go against the odds making us to consider further explanations of that fact. The fixtures of these two segments act in a different way from previous researches, fact that rises the interest but also questions about it.
Η ναυτιλιακή αγορά ειναι μια πολύ ευμετάβλητη αγορά. Υπάρχει μεγάλη κυκλικότητα και πολλές μεταβολές στην αγορά του χύδην ξηρού φορτίου. Για αυτό το λόγο ειναι σημαντικό να δημιουργηθεί ενα μοντέλο που να περιλαμβάνει τους μεγαλύτερους παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την αγορά αυτή. Επίσης η ναυτιλία αφήνει το δικό της αποτύπωμα στο περιβάλλον και υπάρχουν συγκεκριμένοι δείκτες που μετρούν αυτές τις ενεργειακές συνέπειες. Το ζήτημα είναι να ερευνηθεί αν πλοία με υψηλότερη ενεργειακή αποδοτικότητα έχουν και υψηλότερα ή χαμηλότερα ναύλα και γιατί.
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