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  • Μικρογραφία εικόνας
    Τεκμήριο
    Macroprudential tools to address climate-related risks
    (2025-10-21) Lagaria, Aikaterini; Λαγαρία, Αικατερίνη; Topaloglou, Nikolaos; Pagratis, Spyros ; Economides, George
    Macroprudential policy plays a vital role in addressing the systemic nature of climate-related risks. Unlike traditional risks, they are marked by uncertainty, irreversibility, complexity, and non-linearity, materially affecting banks’ balance sheets through both transition and physical channels. Concentration risk ‒ stemming from clustered exposures in carbon-intensive sectors and geographically vulnerable regions ‒ further heightens systemic vulnerabilities. While microprudential supervision remains necessary, it cannot fully capture second-round effects, contagion dynamics, and cross-sectoral spillovers. A macroprudential perspective ‒ forward-looking, preventive, and system-wide ‒ offers a more effective framework. Flexible and scalable tools such as systemic risk buffers, concentration limits, and borrower-based measures can enhance resilience and mitigate systemic risks, complementing the broader policy mix required for an orderly transition. Since macroprudential policy measures operate with a lag, early activation is essential.